18. Which of the following may NOT be a strategy for enhancing and maintaining students’ motivation?
(A) Make learning stimulating and enjoyable for the learner by increasing the attractiveness of the tasks.
(B) Create specific roles and personalized assignments for every student.
(C) Use contracting methods with the learners to formalize their commitment.
(D) Increase students’ social comparison, even in its subtle forms, and put students in the spotlight unexpectedly and allow them to receive criticism.